A Detailed Description Of Aircraft Engines



The mandatory criteria of an aircraft engine are lightness. Sometimes, the fuel inside the combustion chamber matters a lot for fulfilling this individual criterion. Some engines require heavy fuels like diesel. For these heavyweight fuels, those engines are not eligible for aircraft.  

Types Of Turbine-Based Airplane Engines

There are several types of airplane engines like turbojet engines, turboprop engines, turbofan engines, and turboshaft engines. Aegidius Elling, a renowned Norwegian scientist, proposed and designed a gas-powered engine for the first time, which impacted aircraft engineering.


  • Turbojet engine: The turbojet engine is one of the most used engines in modern-day aircraft. In this engine, air enters the compressor from the outside. The compressor compresses the air. After that, the air passes to the combustion chamber, where the air temperature rises to 1000 degrees Celsius. This hot and compressed air and there's the turbine of the engine which helps the turbine to rotate. When the air is discharged from the turbine, the atmospheric pressure of the air multiplies and forces the nozzle to create a gaseous thrust in the air. This thrust helps the aircraft to move forward.
  • Turboprop: Turboprop engine is another type of turbojet engine. The turboprop differs from the turbojet engine because the turboprop is composed of a gear system. The gear system connects with the propeller of the aircraft. When the gear block slows down, the gears attach with the propeller.
  • Turboshaft: Turboshaft engine is a gas-powered aircraft engine that is crafted on the designs of Aegidius Elling. The turboshaft engine differs from the turboprop engine because this aircraft engine does not have any propeller system. This engine is utilized in helicopters.
  • Turbofan: The turbofan engine consists of a large fan. This aircraft engine is composed of a huge fan. This vast fan sucks up the external air. In airplanes, this type of engine is used.

The plane engine manufacturers make these high-quality aircraft engines. These high-quality engines enhance the speed and efficiency of the aircraft.

 What Is A Piston Aircraft Engine?

A typical piston engine comprises a cylinder-like piston, which helps produce energy by moving up and down into the engine's combustion chamber. This engine works mainly on the theory of gaseous expansion. A piston engine can produce the same amount of energy as a turbine engine.                                                       

The piston engine aircraft are the same as the turbine engine aircraft in terms of speed and efficiency because the turbine and the piston engine generate the same amount of energy. 

Mechanism Of A Piston Engine

The piston inside the combustion chamber of an engine helps the gas (which is also remains inside the combustion chamber) to expand abruptly. This gaseous expansion is the main responsible factor behind the production of energy. After the generation of energy, the piston rod helps in transferring the energy to the crankshaft.

Advantages Of Piston Energy

There are many advantages of this based on the engine.


  • Mechanical simplicity: A piston engine's structure is composed of a piston and a combustion chamber that makes the engine simpler than a complex turbine engine.
  • Flexibility and reliability: As the piston moves up and down in the combustion chamber to produce a considerable amount of energy, this engine's flexibility is better than any other engine. This engine is also reliable for any usage.
  • Power to weight ratio: The value of power to weight ratio evaluates the performance of an engine. For piston engines, the value of power to weight ratio is perfect, which means the piston engine possesses a high level of performance.
  • Multi-fuel capability: Piston engine is compatible with many different fuels like petrol, diesel, gasoline, etc. Many engines do not possess this type of versatility.
  • Low turbine operating temperature
  • Less vibration and noise: The piston in this engine work without any noise and vibration.
  • Less maintenance: This engine does not require high maintenance. This feature is another crucial advantage in using a piston engine.
  • Easy to start the piston:
  • Highly suitable for waste heat recovery
  • Give a high degree of maneuverability.
  • Less manufacturing cost: As the piston engine comprises some simple parts, it's manufacturing cost is pretty much low.
  • Low NOx emissions: nitrogen oxides are poisonous gases. Nitrogen monoxide is the most poisonous among them. Many engines produce this type of poisonous nitrogen oxides, but the opposite happens for the piston engine. The piston engine produces a low level of poisonous nitrogen oxides. For this reason, a piston engine can act as an eco-friendly system.
  • It offers the HCCI combustion process: the full form of HCCI is homogenous charge compression ignition. 
  • In this process, a well-mixed fuel and an oxidizer are compressed until the point of ignition reaches.
  • Internally balanced
  • Modularity

 Diesel Aircraft Engines

Except for the turbine and the piston engine, the diesel aircraft engines are another type of engine used in the aircraft. There are many certified diesel aircraft engines like TDA CR 2.0 16V, SR305-230, SR305-260, Centurion 3.0, etc.

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